Tax deduction at source obligation clarified for all payers and new Assessing Officer determination route for non resident payments. The amendment excludes interest covered by sections 194LB and 194LC from the phrase 'any interest' in section 195(1) and adds an Explanation clarifying that the obligation to comply with sub section (1) and to make deduction thereunder has always applied to all persons, resident or non resident, regardless of any presence in India. A new sub section (7) permits the Board to notify classes where payers to certain non residents or foreign companies must apply to the Assessing Officer to determine the proportion of a sum chargeable, and tax is to be deducted on that determined proportion.