Share buy-backs with mandatory extinguishment do not create taxable property, while own-funds and lending-business tests support deductions.

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....Buy-back of a company's own shares followed by mandatory extinguishment does not entail receipt of "property" for section 56(2)(x), because the shares cannot be held, enjoyed or transferred by the company as an asset. Interest-free advances do not justify interest disallowance under section 36(1)(iii) where interest-free own funds exceed those advances and no specific borrowing is traceable to them; proportionate disallowance from a mixed pool of funds is unwarranted. Principal loans and inter-corporate deposits written off in an organised money-lending business qualify as bad debts where actual write-off occurs. A lending licence, tax-audit description and the proportion of interest income are not determinative of that business character.....