Segmental TNMM benchmarking prevents duplicate adjustments for integral intra-group support services under an assured-margin operating model.

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....Segmental aggregation under TNMM prevents a separate nil arm's length price adjustment for intra-group back-office, sales and marketing support services that are integral operating costs of subscription and services segments under an assured-margin model; a separate adjustment would duplicate the segment-level benchmarking. Working capital adjustment must be allowed where differing working-capital levels materially affect comparable margins, despite unavailable daily public balances, subject to verification. Comparable selection requires functional similarity: product developers, education providers, companies with proprietary products or intangibles, diversified operations, entrepreneurial risks, or absent segmental data should be excluded.........