Doctrine of Noscitur A Sociis

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....e of construction to construe words in an Act of Parliament with reference to words found in immediate connection with them. The word 'noscitur' means to know and the word 'sociis' means 'association'. The phrase 'noscitur a sociis' means to know the meaning by association or accordingly to the context. [Heinz India Private Ltd. v, Glaza Smithkline Consum....

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....suggest the 'societas'. But where there is, a term of wide denotation which is not free from ambiguity, the addition of the words such as 'including' is sufficiently indicative of the societas. The word 'includes' in the present context indicates a commonality or shared features or attributes of the including word with the included. GODFREY PHILLIPS INDIA LTD. - [2005 ....