https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=472229 Circumstantial evidence can sustain murder, conspiracy and destruction-of-evidence convictions only when the proved circumstances form a complete chain excluding every reasonable hypothesis of innocence. Electronic communications may be authenticated through certificates and responsible service-provider testimony despite non-prescribed certificate formats or authorised data transfers. Discovery pursuant to disclosure statements, deleted communications, unexplained contact patterns, conduct and false alibis may complete that chain. Article 161 clemency remains a distinct constitutional power, wider than statutory remission, permitting individual pardon, reprieve, remission or commutation on ministerial advice and unaffected by statutory remission mechanisms. en-us Mon, 14 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0530 Mon, 05 Oct 2026 19:38:38 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=472229 Circumstantial evidence can sustain murder, conspiracy and destruction-of-evidence convictions only when the proved circumstances form a complete chain excluding every reasonable hypothesis of innocence. Electronic communications may be authenticated through certificates and responsible service-provider testimony despite non-prescribed certificate formats or authorised data transfers. Discovery pursuant to disclosure statements, deleted communications, unexplained contact patterns, conduct and false alibis may complete that chain. Article 161 clemency remains a distinct constitutional power, wider than statutory remission, permitting individual pardon, reprieve, remission or commutation on ministerial advice and unaffected by statutory remission mechanisms. Case-Laws Indian Laws Mon, 14 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=472229