https://www.taxtmi.com/highlights?id=103843 Strict interpretation of the customs exemption required Disc Brake Units and Pole Wheels to fall clearly within the recognised railway-engineering meaning of a Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS). As components of a mechanical or pneumatic axle-mounted braking system, rather than signal-based TPWS equipment, they did not qualify for concessional duty. Official railway specifications prevailed over contrary technical opinions. Differential customs duty could be demanded only for Bills of Entry within the normal limitation period invoked under section 28(1); extending the demand beyond that period under section 28(4) exceeded the show cause notice. The exemption claim failed, while the demand was restricted accordingly. en-us Thu, 17 Sep 2026 07:52:26 +0530 Thu, 17 Sep 2026 07:52:28 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/highlights?id=103843 Strict interpretation of the customs exemption required Disc Brake Units and Pole Wheels to fall clearly within the recognised railway-engineering meaning of a Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS). As components of a mechanical or pneumatic axle-mounted braking system, rather than signal-based TPWS equipment, they did not qualify for concessional duty. Official railway specifications prevailed over contrary technical opinions. Differential customs duty could be demanded only for Bills of Entry within the normal limitation period invoked under section 28(1); extending the demand beyond that period under section 28(4) exceeded the show cause notice. The exemption claim failed, while the demand was restricted accordingly. Highlights Customs Thu, 17 Sep 2026 07:52:26 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/highlights?id=103843