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    <title>2023 (12) TMI 1491 - PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT</title>
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    <description>A complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act disclosed the statutory ingredients for prosecution, and execution of the cheque attracted the presumptions under Sections 118 and 139 in favour of the complainant. Allegations that the cheque was misused, or that it became invalid after merger of the bank, involved disputed questions of fact that could not be conclusively examined in quashing jurisdiction under Section 482 CrPC. At the summoning stage, the court was not required to conduct a detailed factual inquiry or displace the statutory presumptions before trial, and the summoning order was upheld.</description>
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      <description>A complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act disclosed the statutory ingredients for prosecution, and execution of the cheque attracted the presumptions under Sections 118 and 139 in favour of the complainant. Allegations that the cheque was misused, or that it became invalid after merger of the bank, involved disputed questions of fact that could not be conclusively examined in quashing jurisdiction under Section 482 CrPC. At the summoning stage, the court was not required to conduct a detailed factual inquiry or displace the statutory presumptions before trial, and the summoning order was upheld.</description>
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