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    <title>2024 (3) TMI 1062 - ITAT MUMBAI</title>
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    <description>Interconnect usage charges received by a non-resident telecom operator were held not taxable in India as royalty under the Income-tax Act and Article 12 of the India-Sri Lanka DTAA because the Indian payer only received carriage and connectivity services, with no transfer of any right to use the operator&#039;s network, equipment, intellectual property or secret process. The domestic deeming expansions in the royalty definition could not be read into the treaty absent a corresponding amendment, and section 90(2) entitled the assessee to the more beneficial treaty position. The treaty definition of royalty also did not cover the receipts, and the absence of a permanent establishment in India supported non-taxability as business income.</description>
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      <description>Interconnect usage charges received by a non-resident telecom operator were held not taxable in India as royalty under the Income-tax Act and Article 12 of the India-Sri Lanka DTAA because the Indian payer only received carriage and connectivity services, with no transfer of any right to use the operator&#039;s network, equipment, intellectual property or secret process. The domestic deeming expansions in the royalty definition could not be read into the treaty absent a corresponding amendment, and section 90(2) entitled the assessee to the more beneficial treaty position. The treaty definition of royalty also did not cover the receipts, and the absence of a permanent establishment in India supported non-taxability as business income.</description>
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