https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=308595 A written memorandum of understanding proving an outstanding liability can displace a bare denial of debt, especially where its genuineness is unchallenged and oral assertions cannot contradict the written terms under the Evidence Act. Statutory presumptions of consideration and liability under the Negotiable Instruments Act continue unless rebutted by evidence. A cheque described as a security cheque is not outside Section 138 if it is linked to an existing and crystallized liability that remains unpaid when the cheque is issued or presented. On that basis, dishonour may attract criminal liability where the drawer fails to rebut the presumptions. en-us Thu, 14 May 2015 00:00:00 +0530 Thu, 06 Jul 2023 21:56:52 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=308595 A written memorandum of understanding proving an outstanding liability can displace a bare denial of debt, especially where its genuineness is unchallenged and oral assertions cannot contradict the written terms under the Evidence Act. Statutory presumptions of consideration and liability under the Negotiable Instruments Act continue unless rebutted by evidence. A cheque described as a security cheque is not outside Section 138 if it is linked to an existing and crystallized liability that remains unpaid when the cheque is issued or presented. On that basis, dishonour may attract criminal liability where the drawer fails to rebut the presumptions. Case-Laws Indian Laws Thu, 14 May 2015 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=308595