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    <title>2022 (6) TMI 535 - CALCUTTA HIGH COURT</title>
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    <description>In a Section 138 NI Act prosecution, a partner may institute a complaint on behalf of the firm because a partner acts as an agent of the firm under partnership law, and neither firm non-registration nor absence of the other partner&#039;s prior consent invalidates the complaint. The Court also applied the statutory presumptions under Sections 118 and 139 and held that, on the record, the cheques were issued towards a legally enforceable liability; the accused failed to rebut that presumption on a preponderance of probabilities. Service of the demand notice was likewise accepted, as dispatch to the correct address attracted deemed service and supporting evidence showed delivery or sufficient service.</description>
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      <title>2022 (6) TMI 535 - CALCUTTA HIGH COURT</title>
      <link>https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=423694</link>
      <description>In a Section 138 NI Act prosecution, a partner may institute a complaint on behalf of the firm because a partner acts as an agent of the firm under partnership law, and neither firm non-registration nor absence of the other partner&#039;s prior consent invalidates the complaint. The Court also applied the statutory presumptions under Sections 118 and 139 and held that, on the record, the cheques were issued towards a legally enforceable liability; the accused failed to rebut that presumption on a preponderance of probabilities. Service of the demand notice was likewise accepted, as dispatch to the correct address attracted deemed service and supporting evidence showed delivery or sufficient service.</description>
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