https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=288342 An ex parte foreign decree is treated as a judgment on the merits under Section 13(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure if the foreign court applies its mind to the claim and does not merely impose default as a penalty. A certified copy of a foreign judgment carries a presumption under Section 14 that the judgment was pronounced by a competent court, so jurisdiction is presumed unless the defendant pleads and proves lack of jurisdiction. The text also notes that the lower courts erred by placing the burden on the plaintiff to prove the defendant's presence within the foreign jurisdiction. en-us Thu, 26 May 1927 00:00:00 +0530 Tue, 02 Jun 2020 10:51:40 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=288342 An ex parte foreign decree is treated as a judgment on the merits under Section 13(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure if the foreign court applies its mind to the claim and does not merely impose default as a penalty. A certified copy of a foreign judgment carries a presumption under Section 14 that the judgment was pronounced by a competent court, so jurisdiction is presumed unless the defendant pleads and proves lack of jurisdiction. The text also notes that the lower courts erred by placing the burden on the plaintiff to prove the defendant's presence within the foreign jurisdiction. Case-Laws Indian Laws Thu, 26 May 1927 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=288342