https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=285898 Sworn in-court testimony remains substantive evidence, while a test identification parade only tests that evidence and may provide corroboration where the accused is a stranger. An FIR is not substantive evidence and cannot corroborate a witness who is not its maker. Here, the identification evidence was found unreliable because the appellant was not identified in court as a participant, the parade was delayed, multiple parades were held in a suspicious sequence, and the safeguards for fairness were inadequate. On those facts, the conviction could not be sustained because no legal evidence connected the appellant with the offence. en-us Mon, 23 Aug 1971 00:00:00 +0530 Sat, 01 Feb 2020 18:02:22 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=285898 Sworn in-court testimony remains substantive evidence, while a test identification parade only tests that evidence and may provide corroboration where the accused is a stranger. An FIR is not substantive evidence and cannot corroborate a witness who is not its maker. Here, the identification evidence was found unreliable because the appellant was not identified in court as a participant, the parade was delayed, multiple parades were held in a suspicious sequence, and the safeguards for fairness were inadequate. On those facts, the conviction could not be sustained because no legal evidence connected the appellant with the offence. Case-Laws Indian Laws Mon, 23 Aug 1971 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=285898