https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=196712 Cognizance for an offence under Section 188 IPC is barred unless supported by a written complaint from the competent public servant, and a charge under that provision cannot stand without it. The defect, however, does not invalidate convictions for other offences arising from the same when independent direct and corroborative evidence proves participation. Test Identification Parade is corroborative, hostile witness testimony may be relied on to the extent credible, and minor investigative irregularities do not defeat otherwise trustworthy proof. The death penalty remains confined to the rarest of rare cases and may be upheld where the offence shows prior planning, extreme brutality, and exceptional depravity. en-us Mon, 30 Aug 2010 00:00:00 +0530 Wed, 09 Aug 2023 15:48:00 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=196712 Cognizance for an offence under Section 188 IPC is barred unless supported by a written complaint from the competent public servant, and a charge under that provision cannot stand without it. The defect, however, does not invalidate convictions for other offences arising from the same when independent direct and corroborative evidence proves participation. Test Identification Parade is corroborative, hostile witness testimony may be relied on to the extent credible, and minor investigative irregularities do not defeat otherwise trustworthy proof. The death penalty remains confined to the rarest of rare cases and may be upheld where the offence shows prior planning, extreme brutality, and exceptional depravity. Case-Laws Indian Laws Mon, 30 Aug 2010 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=196712