https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=193769 Respectful silence while standing during the National Anthem, coupled with sincere religious refusal to sing, was protected by Articles 19(1)(a) and 25(1). No law required every person to sing the anthem, and such silence did not amount to disrespect or disturbance. The Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 was not attracted because it targets intentional prevention of singing or disturbance of an assembly engaged in singing. The Kerala Education Rules did not authorise compulsory singing against genuine conscientious objection, and executive circulars could not curtail fundamental rights. Compelling the children to sing would therefore violate freedom of speech and conscience, and the expulsion was unconstitutional. en-us Mon, 11 Aug 1986 00:00:00 +0530 Fri, 18 Aug 2017 17:26:33 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=193769 Respectful silence while standing during the National Anthem, coupled with sincere religious refusal to sing, was protected by Articles 19(1)(a) and 25(1). No law required every person to sing the anthem, and such silence did not amount to disrespect or disturbance. The Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 was not attracted because it targets intentional prevention of singing or disturbance of an assembly engaged in singing. The Kerala Education Rules did not authorise compulsory singing against genuine conscientious objection, and executive circulars could not curtail fundamental rights. Compelling the children to sing would therefore violate freedom of speech and conscience, and the expulsion was unconstitutional. Case-Laws Indian Laws Mon, 11 Aug 1986 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=193769