https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=174494 The Act abolishing intermediaries and vesting janmam estates in the Government was protected by Article 31A because it transferred estate rights to cultivators and operated as agrarian reform; it therefore survived challenge under Articles 14, 19 and 31 insofar as it applied to janmam lands. The earlier settlement had not converted Gudalur lands into ryotwari estates, so they remained janmam estates within the Act's scheme. By contrast, the provision transferring forests in janmam estates to the Government was not shown to serve any agrarian-reform objective, since the statute disclosed no post-vesting use connected with village economy or cultivation; that part was struck down as unconstitutional. en-us Wed, 19 Apr 1972 00:00:00 +0530 Tue, 04 Oct 2016 13:54:00 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=174494 The Act abolishing intermediaries and vesting janmam estates in the Government was protected by Article 31A because it transferred estate rights to cultivators and operated as agrarian reform; it therefore survived challenge under Articles 14, 19 and 31 insofar as it applied to janmam lands. The earlier settlement had not converted Gudalur lands into ryotwari estates, so they remained janmam estates within the Act's scheme. By contrast, the provision transferring forests in janmam estates to the Government was not shown to serve any agrarian-reform objective, since the statute disclosed no post-vesting use connected with village economy or cultivation; that part was struck down as unconstitutional. Case-Laws Indian Laws Wed, 19 Apr 1972 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=174494