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    <title>“EMPLOYEE” UNDER EMPLOYEES’ PROVIDENT FUNDS AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS ACT, 1952.</title>
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    <description>Section 2(f) of the Act adopts a broad functional test for employee, covering persons employed for wages &quot;in or in connection with the work of an establishment,&quot; including those employed by or through a contractor and certain apprentices, and extending to home-based or contractor-supplied workers whose principal employment is connected with the business. Courts have applied this expansive reach to artisans, weavers, and persons discharging duties exclusively related to an establishment, while distinguishing and excluding directors, partners, casual labour, religious functionaries, unpaid trainees, and apprentices governed by the Apprentices Act or Standing Orders.</description>
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    <pubDate>Wed, 16 May 2012 11:38:21 +0530</pubDate>
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      <description>Section 2(f) of the Act adopts a broad functional test for employee, covering persons employed for wages &quot;in or in connection with the work of an establishment,&quot; including those employed by or through a contractor and certain apprentices, and extending to home-based or contractor-supplied workers whose principal employment is connected with the business. Courts have applied this expansive reach to artisans, weavers, and persons discharging duties exclusively related to an establishment, while distinguishing and excluding directors, partners, casual labour, religious functionaries, unpaid trainees, and apprentices governed by the Apprentices Act or Standing Orders.</description>
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