https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=108198 State-owned companies and public sector undertakings were treated as State instrumentalities for constitutional purposes where deep and pervasive government control existed. In that setting, prolonged non-payment of employees' wages was linked to the guarantees of life, dignity and the prohibition of forced labour under Articles 21 and 23, so constitutional obligations could not be avoided by relying on separate corporate personality. The State of Bihar could not shift responsibility to the Union of India, because accountability arose from its own ownership, control and supervisory failure. Interim protective directions were issued, including steps for liquidation, asset-liability review and deposit of funds for salary relief. en-us Fri, 09 May 2003 00:00:00 +0530 Mon, 29 Dec 2025 11:37:00 +0530 TaxTMI RSS Generator https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=108198 State-owned companies and public sector undertakings were treated as State instrumentalities for constitutional purposes where deep and pervasive government control existed. In that setting, prolonged non-payment of employees' wages was linked to the guarantees of life, dignity and the prohibition of forced labour under Articles 21 and 23, so constitutional obligations could not be avoided by relying on separate corporate personality. The State of Bihar could not shift responsibility to the Union of India, because accountability arose from its own ownership, control and supervisory failure. Interim protective directions were issued, including steps for liquidation, asset-liability review and deposit of funds for salary relief. Case-Laws Indian Laws Fri, 09 May 2003 00:00:00 +0530 https://www.taxtmi.com/caselaws?id=108198