<h1>Customs duty measures to protect domestic industry and tighten trade remedies, supporting MSMEs and phased manufacturing.</h1> Customs and excise measures are revised to support domestic manufacturing: duties on footwear and furniture are increased to protect MSMEs; a health cess on imported medical equipment is introduced to fund health infrastructure; basic customs duty on certain paper imports is reduced; excise duty includes a National Calamity Contingent Duty on tobacco products while bidi rates remain unchanged. Trade remedy provisions are strengthened by abolishing anti dumping duty on PTA, reviewing Rules of Origin to prevent undue FTA claims, tightening FTA import checks, enhancing safeguard mechanisms for import surges, and reinforcing anti dumping and anti subsidy measures.