The term ‘shell company’ has not been defined under the Income-tax Act, 1961 or under the Companies Act, 2013. However, the Special Task Force set up by the Government to look into the issue of shell companies has, inter alia, recommended the use of certain red flag indicators as alerts for identification of shell companies.

Further, section 248(1)(c) of the Companies Act, 2013 provides for removal of name of company from the register of companies, if it is not carrying on any business or operation for a period of two immediately preceding financial years and has not made any application for obtaining the status of a dormant company under section 455 of the Companies Act, 2013 within such period.

Accordingly, the Government has undertaken a special drive for identification and strike-off of companies by following due process of law. Around 2.26 lakhs companies were struck off from the register of companies in the first drive undertaken by the Government. Similarly, 1,00,150 companies were struck off in the second drive.

Further, 3.09 lakh directors were also disqualified under section 164(2)(a) read with Section 167(1) of the Companies Act, 2013 for non-filing of Financial Statements or Annual Returns for continuous period of three financial years by the companies.

Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) has registered 91 cases against 632 shell companies during the last 3 years (2015, 2016 and 2017) and 2018 (up to 30.11.2018).

This was stated by Shri Ship Pratap Shukla, Minister of State for Finance in a written reply to a question in Lok Sabha.

Shell company identification: removal from company register and director disqualification for prolonged non-filing enforced under company law. Action uses administrative red flag indicators to identify shell companies and statutory mechanisms to remove names from the register where entities have not carried on business for two consecutive financial years and have not sought dormant status; enforcement includes director disqualification for continuous non-filing of financial statements or annual returns and criminal investigations where appropriate.