Arbitrariness denotes decisions driven by caprice rather than reason and is assessed on facts and circumstances.

Arbitrariness denotes decision-making not governed by fixed rules and characterized by individual will or caprice rather than reasoned judgment. Applied to official acts, it commonly connotes a disregard of evidence or its proper weight, an element of bad faith, and a tendency to abuse authority. There is no precise statutory definition, and whether an act is arbitrary must be determined on the facts and circumstances of each case.

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