Service of notices: prescribed modes include personal delivery, registered post, email, portal publication, newspaper notice, and affixation.

Section 169 sets out authorised modes for serving decisions, orders, summonses, notices or other communications under the CGST Act: direct tendering to the addressee or authorised representatives and connected persons; registered or speed post or courier with acknowledgement to the last known business or residence; sending to the registered e mail; making available on the common portal; publication in a local newspaper; or affixing at the last known business or residence, and if impracticable, on the issuing officer's office notice board.

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