Electronic authentication requires identity verification, cryptographic safeguards, digital signature certification, and subscriber-only control of signature keys.

Electronic authentication of an electronic record may use Aadhaar or other e-KYC, e-authentication, hashing and asymmetric cryptography to support issuance of a Digital Signature Certificate. Certificate issuance depends on verified e-KYC information, prescribed particulars and electronic consent. A trusted third party may generate and securely store key pairs and create signatures, while a Certifying Authority issues the certificate. Separate procedures require identity verification, secure storage, sole subscriber authentication control over the signature key, credential verification, revocation and key destruction, subject to Controller guidelines and prescribed digital-signature standards.

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