Fraudulent Input Tax Credit: issuers face penal sanctions while recipients face demand recovery and penalty under GST law. Issuance of tax invoices without actual supply does not amount to supply and so does not attract tax demand under assessment provisions, but the issuer is subject to penal sanctions for issuing invoices without supply. A recipient who fraudulently avails and utilises ITC without receipt of goods or services is liable for recovery of the ITC with interest and for penalty under provisions addressing fraudulent availment; duplicate penalties for the same act are precluded. If such availed ITC is passed on by issuing invoices without supply, no tax demand arises for non-existent outward supply, but penal provisions apply to those who issued invoices and utilised ITC wrongfully.