Verification of Certificates of Origin: procedural checks and custodian led specimen comparison ensure preferential tariff claims are validated. Verification of certificates of origin under Free/Preferential Trade Agreements requires production of a prescribed Certificate of Origin and permits verification where there is doubt about genuineness of format, signature or seal, doubt about accuracy of origin or where random checks are selected based on risk factors. Specimen seals and signatures are circulated to Chief Commissioners; an online ICES repository is being developed. Each Customs House must designate a JC/ADC as custodian of specimens for on site comparison, with escalation to CBEC Director (ICD) if specimens are unavailable. Other verification requests need Commissioner approval and supporting documents.