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of <h1>Reopening assessment under section 147 upheld for unutilized accumulation deemed income under section 11(3)(c) in sixth year</h1> <h3>GMDC Science & Research Centre, C/o. GMDC Ltd. Versus Income Tax Officer (Exemption), Palanpur</h3> GMDC Science & Research Centre, C/o. GMDC Ltd. Versus Income Tax Officer (Exemption), Palanpur - TMI ISSUES: Validity of reopening assessment under section 147/148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961.Taxability of accumulated income under section 11(2) and deemed income provisions of section 11(3)(c) of the Income Tax Act.Interpretation of the time period for utilisation of accumulated income under section 11(2) and 11(3)(c) prior to amendment effective 01.04.2023.Applicability of deduction under section 11(1)(a) on accumulated income added as deemed income.Prevention of double taxation on accumulated income offered in different assessment years. RULINGS / HOLDINGS: The reopening of assessment under section 147/148 was held valid as there was no prior regular assessment under section 143(3), and the Assessing Officer had formed a valid reason to believe that income chargeable to tax had escaped assessment.Accumulated income not applied within the prescribed period under section 11(2) and the extended period under section 11(3)(c) shall be deemed income of the previous year immediately following the expiry of such period, consistent with the statutory language 'shall be deemed to be the income of such person of the previous year immediately following the expiry of the period aforesaid.'The time period for utilisation of accumulated funds before amendment included five years plus an additional one year ('or in the year immediately following the expiry thereof'), and taxation of unutilised accumulation must occur in the sixth year after the expiry of the accumulation period, not earlier.The Assessing Officer must verify year-wise accumulation and utilisation to ensure that deemed income under section 11(3) is taxed only in the correct assessment year to avoid double taxation.The deduction under section 11(1)(a) of 15% on accumulated income added as deemed income was not granted by the Assessing Officer and upheld by the appellate authorities. RATIONALE: The Court applied the provisions of sections 11(2) and 11(3) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, as they stood prior to the amendment effective 01.04.2023, interpreting the statutory language literally to determine the correct year of taxation of accumulated income.The Court relied on the statutory framework that allows accumulation of income for five years and an additional year for utilisation before deeming unspent income as taxable, emphasizing that the charging provision for accumulation not utilised within the prescribed period arises only after expiry of this extended period.The Court noted the legislative amendment by Finance Act, 2022, which omitted the phrase 'or in the year immediately following the expiry thereof' from section 11(3)(c), effective 01.04.2023, thereby clarifying the timing of taxation of accumulated income for future cases but held it inapplicable retrospectively.The Court directed remand to the Assessing Officer for detailed verification of year-wise accumulation and utilisation to prevent double taxation, reflecting adherence to principles of fairness and statutory compliance.The Court rejected the argument that reopening was based on mere change of opinion, noting absence of prior scrutiny assessment and proper compliance with procedural requirements under section 148.
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