2024 (11) TMI 291 - AT - Service Tax

Freight forwarders acting as principals in export transportation exempt from service tax under business auxiliary services

Marinetrans Pvt Ltd Versus Commissioner of C.E. -Ahmedabad-i

CESTAT Ahmedabad held that freight forwarders acting as principals in transportation services from India to overseas destinations are not liable for ... Service tax under the category of business auxiliary service - profit earned at a difference between purchase of cargo space and selling the same to their client - HELD THAT:- When the freight forwarder acts as an agent of an airline/carrier/ocean liner, the service of transportation is provided by the airline/carrier/ocean-liner and the freight forwarder is merely an agent and the service of actual transportation will not be liable for service tax. The freight forwarders may also act as a principal who is providing the service of transportation of goods, where the destination is outside India. In such cases the freight forwarders are negotiating the terms of freight with the airline/carrier/ocean liner as well as the actual rate with the exporter. The invoice is raised by the freight forwarder on the exporter. In such cases where the freight forwarder is undertaking all the legal responsibility for the transportation of the goods and undertakes all the attendant risks, he is providing the service of transportation of goods, from a place in India to a place outside India. He is bearing al the risk and liability for transportation. In such cases they are not covered under the category of intermediary, which by definition excludes a person who provides a service on his account. It follows therefore that a freight forwarder, when acting as a principal, will not be liable to pay service tax when the destination of the goods is from a place in India to a place outside India We find that in an identical case, in the case of Phoenix International Freight Service Pvt Ltd [2016 (9) TMI 585 - CESTAT MUMBAI] Tribunal has held that buying and selling space on ships does not amount to rendering a service and any profit or income earned through such transactions is not leviable to service tax. We find no reason to deviate from this view taken by the Tribunal which view is also supported by the CBEC circular cited above. In conclusion, the demand of service tax, interest and penalties are liable to be set aside and we do so. Issues:1. Whether the profit earned by a freight forwarder from purchasing cargo space and selling it to customers is liable to service tax under the category of business auxiliary service.2. Whether the decision of the CESTAT Hyderabad Bench in a similar case is applicable to the present case.3. Whether the matter should be reconsidered in view of subsequent developments, including the decision of the CESTAT Hyderabad Bench and other pending cases against the appellant.Analysis:Issue 1:The appellant, a freight forwarder registered with the service tax department, was engaged in purchasing cargo space from shipping lines and selling it to customers for profit. The department contended that the profit earned by the appellant was liable to service tax under the category of business auxiliary service. The Tribunal examined the nature of the transactions and the appellant's role as a principal in buying and selling cargo space. Referring to a Circular of the CBEC, the Tribunal held that when a freight forwarder acts as a trader dealing on a principal-to-principal basis, the service tax is not applicable. The Tribunal also cited a previous case where it was held that buying and selling space on ships does not amount to rendering a service, and any profit earned through such transactions is not subject to service tax. Consequently, the demand for service tax, interest, and penalties was set aside, and the appeal was allowed.Issue 2:The appellant's counsel referred to a decision by the CESTAT Hyderabad Bench in a similar case where the issue was decided in favor of the appellant. The Tribunal acknowledged this decision and found that the issue in the present case was prima facie decided in favor of the assessee based on the Hyderabad Bench's ruling. However, considering that the Hyderabad Bench's decision was made after the adjudication order in the present case and due to multiple proceedings against the appellant in different jurisdictions, the Tribunal decided to remand the matter to the adjudicating authority for a fresh de novo order.Issue 3:Given the subsequent development of the decision by the CESTAT Hyderabad Bench and the status of other pending cases against the appellant, the Tribunal set aside the impugned order and remanded the matter for a fresh adjudication. The Tribunal emphasized the need to reconsider the matter in light of the new developments and multiple proceedings involving the appellant in different jurisdictions.In conclusion, the Tribunal's decision set aside the demand for service tax, interest, and penalties, based on the appellant's role as a trader dealing on a principal-to-principal basis. The matter was remanded for a fresh de novo order considering the subsequent developments and multiple proceedings against the appellant.