Rate of duty changes alter tariff classifications and duties across multiple goods, reshaping excise levy incidence today. Amendments to the Schedule of the Central Excise Tariff Act substitute entries in column (4), revise sub-heading descriptions and NOTES, and replace numerous headings and sub-headings to change the rate of duty (ad valorem and specific duties) and classification criteria across many Chapters; they add exclusions and definitional rules (including a manufacturing definition for certain pesticidal product treatments) and create commodity-specific tariff lines for waters, tobacco, chemicals, medicaments, machinery, vehicles and other goods.