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<h1>1976's 42nd Amendment expanded Parliament's power over constitutional changes; later nullified by Supreme Court in 1980.</h1> The 42nd Amendment to the Constitution, enacted in 1976, introduced new clauses to Article 368. Clause (4) stated that constitutional amendments, including those affecting Part III, cannot be challenged in court on any grounds. Clause (5) affirmed Parliament's unlimited power to amend the Constitution by addition, variation, or repeal. These provisions were intended to solidify parliamentary authority over constitutional amendments. However, these clauses were later declared void by the Supreme Court in the Minerva Mills case in 1980. The amendment took effect on January 3, 1977.