Income-tax rates and surcharge restructured, and agricultural income aggregated for tax computation under modified set-off rules.

Amendments to section 2 and the First Schedule apply the Finance Act, 2023 rules to the 2024 assessment/financial year with changes: net agricultural income above the exemption limit is aggregated with total income for rate application and tax on total income is the difference between tax on the aggregate and tax on agricultural income increased by the exemption; senior citizen thresholds and applicability to the section 115BAC regime are adjusted; the First Schedule restates slab rates and detailed surcharge bands; Rule 8 prescribes the set-off of specified earlier agricultural losses against agricultural income for assessment years commencing 2024 and 2025.

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