Absorption of anti-dumping duty: government may modify duties to counteract absorption and specify retrospective start dates. Amendments allow the Central Government to notify a date, not earlier than inquiry initiation, for imposition or modification of anti-dumping duty; permit modification where absorption of anti-dumping duty (including decreased export price without matching cost changes) renders the duty ineffective; limit application of notifications and duties to hundred per cent. export-oriented undertakings and special economic zone units unless made applicable or where goods are cleared or used in the domestic tariff area; and change duty duration to 'up to five years' with temporary revocation limited to one year.