Cost accounting applicability for pharmaceutical companies covers firms meeting financial thresholds or listed status, with specified exclusions. These rules apply to every company, including a foreign company as defined under section 591 of the Act, engaged in production, processing, or manufacturing of pharmaceutical activities where any one of the following is satisfied: the aggregate net worth exceeds the prescribed threshold as at the last date of the immediately preceding financial year; the aggregate turnover from sale or supply of all products or activities during the immediately preceding financial year exceeds the prescribed threshold; or the company's equity or debt securities are listed or in the process of listing on any stock exchange in India or abroad. A body corporate governed by a special Act is excluded.