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<h1>Key Terms of Company Classification Under Companies Act, 1956: Private vs. Public Company Explained</h1> The Companies Act, 1956, defines key terms related to company classifications. A 'company' is one formed and registered under this Act or previous company laws. An 'existing company' refers to those established under prior laws, including various Indian Companies Acts and other regional regulations. A 'private company' requires a minimum paid-up capital of one lakh rupees, restricts share transfers, limits membership to fifty, and prohibits public invitations for shares or deposits. A 'public company' is not a private company, must have a minimum paid-up capital of five lakh rupees, and includes private subsidiaries of non-private companies. Companies failing to meet these capital requirements are deemed defunct.