Import export authorisation and certification regime governs licences, IEC issuance, validity, revalidation and customs securities. Chapter 2 prescribes procedural and regulatory frameworks for import-export operations, including IEC issuance and exemptions, licensing and authorisation procedures for restricted items, validity and revalidation rules, duplicate and surrender protocols, customs security through bank guarantees and corporate guarantees, and certification requirements such as Certificates of Origin. It details special controls for metallic scrap imports, second hand capital goods, SCOMET items and Indo US export control linkages, and provides administrative measures for electronic filing, RCMC administration and sectoral import entitlements.