Major penalty inquiries require written charges, evidentiary access, defence opportunities, and reasoned findings before disciplinary action.

Major penalties may be imposed only after an inquiry. The Competent Authority must communicate definite charges and supporting allegations, allow a written defence, and may appoint an eligible Inquiry Officer and Presenting Officer. The employee may obtain assistance from another employee, inspect relevant documents, seek production of evidence, cross-examine witnesses, present a defence and file a written brief. Non-compliance may lead to an ex parte inquiry. The Inquiry Officer must prepare a reasoned report assessing evidence and recording findings on each charge, subject to safeguards where a different charge emerges.

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